Selection for Early (Precocious) Development of Eimeria meleagridis in the Turkey

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Matsler ◽  
H. D. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Selection For ◽  
Precocious Development

Attenuation of Eimeria mivati ( = mitis) by selection for precocious development

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. McDonald ◽  
S. Ballingall
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Serial Passage ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Precocious Development

SUMMARYBy selection for early development of oocysts during serial passage through chickens the pre-patent period of the Houghton (H) strain of Eimeria mivati ( = mitis) was reduced by over 20 h. The precocious parasite is less pathogenic than the H strain and has a reduced reproductive potential. Chicks inoculated with the precocious parasite were protected against challenge with the H strain. The pathogenicity, immunogenicity and reproduction of precocious E. mivati and an attenuated egg-adapted line of E. mivati were compared. Although the precocious parasite produced more oocysts than the egg-adapted parasite in chickens, neither parasite induced loss of weight and both were immunogenic.

Attenuation of Eimeria caviae by selection for precocious development

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1243-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Matsui ◽  
Takashi Fujino ◽  
Fumie Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshiatsu Tsutsumi ◽  
Moriyasu Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Selection For ◽  
Precocious Development

An egg-adapted (attenuated) line of Eimeria necatrix: further studies on its reproduction, pathogenicity and immunogenicity

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Shirley ◽  
M. A. Bellatti ◽  
B. J. Millard
Keyword(s):  
Parent Strain ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Host Embryo ◽  
Precocious Development

SUMMARYAn egg-adapted line of Eimeria necatrix has now been passaged 40 times in the chorio-allantoic membranes of embryonated eggs. Between the 21st and 40th passage in eggs the parasite was subjected to a selection for precocious development, and its pre-patent period in this host is now 123–125 h. The parasite continued to adapt to the chorio-allantoie this tissue caused the growth of the host embryo to be markedly stunted. In chickens, both the reproduction and the pathogenicity of the egg-adapted line decreased with increasing numbers of passages in eggs. A comparison of teh immunogenicity of te egg-adapted line and its parent strain in chickens kept on litter, showed that substantially more oocysts of the egg-adapted line had to be given to induce complete protection.

Framework for Selecting Vocabulary for Preliterate Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009
Author(s):  
Allison Bean ◽  
Lindsey Paden Cargill ◽  
Samantha Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
School Based ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Nonverbal Children ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Purpose Nearly 50% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to school-age children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, many SLPs report having insufficient knowledge in the area of AAC implementation. The objective of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with a framework for supporting 1 area of AAC implementation: vocabulary selection for preliterate children who use AAC. Method This tutorial focuses on 4 variables that clinicians should consider when selecting vocabulary: (a) contexts/environments where the vocabulary can be used, (b) time span during which the vocabulary will be relevant, (c) whether the vocabulary can elicit and maintain interactions with other people, and (d) whether the vocabulary will facilitate developmentally appropriate grammatical structures. This tutorial focuses on the role that these variables play in language development in verbal children with typical development, verbal children with language impairment, and nonverbal children who use AAC. Results Use of the 4 variables highlighted above may help practicing SLPs select vocabulary that will best facilitate language acquisition in preliterate children who use AAC.

Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Ball ◽  
Joanne Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Communication Impairment ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.

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